Case Study Term Definitions

term definitions 

1. Film Production
   Film making (or in an academic context, film production) is the process of making a film. Film making involves a number of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or commission, through script writing, casting, shooting, sound recording and reproduction, editing, and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition. Film making takes place in many places around the world in a range of economic, social, and political contexts, and using a variety of technologies and cinematic techniques. Typically, it involves a large number of people, and can take from a few months to several years to complete.
2. Distribution
   Film distribution is the process of making a movie available for viewing by an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing, and who may set the release date and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater or television, or personal home viewing. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
3. Marketing
   Film promotion/marketing is the practice of promotion specifically in the film industry, and usually occurs in coordination with the process of film distribution. Sometimes called the press junket or film junket, film promotion generally includes press releases, advertising campaigns, merchandising and media, and interviews with the key people involved with the making of the film, like actors and directors. As with all business it is an important part of any release because of the inherent high financial risk; film studios will invest in expensive marketing campaigns to maximize revenue early in the release cycle. Marketing budgets tend to equal about half the production budget. Publicity is generally handled by the distributor and exhibitors.
4. Exhibition
   Exhibition is the retail branch of the film industry. It involves not the production or the distribution of motion pictures, but their public screening, usually for paying customers in a site devoted to such screenings, the movie theater. What the exhibitor sells is the experience of a film (and, frequently, concessions like soft drinks and popcorn). Because exhibitors to some extent control how films are programmed, promoted, and presented to the public, they have considerable influence over the box-office success and, more importantly, the reception of films.
5. Audience
   A particular group at which a product such as a film is aimed:his stated target audience is childrenI realize that I am not the intended target audience for the film
6. Institution
   When we use the term institutions in Media Studies, we usually mean the people who have a role in the production of media texts. That covers a huge amount of ground, as you can imagine. A brief list might include:
   Companies/organisations
   Producers
   Distributors
   Marketing.
   So we're talking editors, directors, producers, scriptwriters, screenwriters and so on and so on.
7. Digital
   Digital media is digitized content that can be transmitted over the internet or computer networks. This can include text, audio, video, and graphics. This means that news from a TV network, newspaper, magazine, etc. that is presented on a Web site or blog can fall into this category.
8. Ownership
   A Media Owner is a person, enterprise or organisation that controls, either through personal ownership or a dominant position, any media enterprise.
9. New Technologies
10. Synergy:Jill Nelmes, in ‘An Introduction to Film Studies’ defines synergy strategy as:
    
    Combined or related action by a group of individuals or corporations towards a common goal, the combined effect of which exceeds the sum of the individual efforts.(Nelmes, 1996: 42)
    
    

    
    
11.  convergence is the most readily understood. With the World Wide Web, smartphones, tablet computers, smart televisions, and other digital devices, billions of people are now able to access media content that was once tied to specific communications media (print and broadcast) or platforms (newspapers,magazines, radio, television, and cinema).
12. hardware:Proliferation, in terms of Hardware, primarily concerns the increasingly varied and ever evolving technologies used to Produce, distribute and exhibit or offer the film for public consumption.